TNF

tumor necrosis factor

This gene encodes a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. This cytokine is mainly secreted by macrophages. It can bind to, and thus functions through its receptors TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. This cytokine is involved in the regulation of a wide spectrum of biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and coagulation. This cytokine has been implicated in a variety of diseases, including autoimmune diseases, insulin resistance, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis ankylosing spondylitis, tuberculosis, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, and cancer. Mutations in this gene affect susceptibility to cerebral malaria, septic shock, and Alzheimer disease. Knockout studies in mice also suggested the neuroprotective function of this cytokine.

provided by RefSeq

Biological Domains

APP Metabolism, Apoptosis, Autophagy, Cell Cycle, DNA Repair, Endolysosome, Epigenetic, Immune Response, Lipid Metabolism, Metal Binding and Homeostasis, Mitochondrial Metabolism, Myelination, Oxidative Stress, Proteostasis, Structural Stabilization, Synapse, Vasculature

Pharos Class

Tclin

Also known as

ENSG00000232810 (Ensembl Release 115)

UNIPROTKB P01375

DIF, IMD127, TNF-alpha, TNFA, TNFSF2, TNLG1F

Summary of Evidence

This tab shows an overview of how the selected gene is associated with AD.

  • Genetic Association with LOAD

    Indicates whether or not this gene shows significant genetic association with Late Onset AD (LOAD) based on evidence from multiple studies compiled by the ADSP Gene Verification Committee
    False

  • Brain eQTL

    Indicates whether or not this gene locus has a significant expression Quantitative Trait Locus (eQTL) based on an AMP-AD consortium study
    False

  • RNA Expression Change in AD Brain

    Indicates whether or not this gene shows significant differential expression in at least one brain region based on AMP-AD consortium work. See ‘EVIDENCE’ tab.
    No data

  • Protein Expression Change in AD Brain

    Indicates whether or not this gene shows significant differential protein expression in at least one brain region based on AMP-AD consortium work. See ‘EVIDENCE’ tab.
    No data

  • Nominated Target

    Indicates whether or not this gene has been submitted as a nominated target to Agora.
    False

AD Risk Scores

About AD Risk Scores

The TREAT-AD Center at Emory-Sage-SGC has developed a Target Risk Score (TRS) to objectively rank the potential involvement of specific genes in AD. The TRS is derived by summing two component risk scores, the Genetic Risk Score and the Multi-omic Risk Score, each of which is derived from a meta-analysis of multiple harmonized data sets. More information about the methodology used to define these risk scores is available here.

AD Risk Scores for TNF

The TRS for TNF, along with the component Genetic and Multi-omic Risk Scores, is shown here. The scores for TNF are superimposed on the genome-wide score distributions. If No Data is Currently Available is displayed for a score, that score was not calculated for TNF.

Biological Domain Classification

About Biological Domains

A biological domain represents a standardized area of biology defined by a set of discrete, biologically coherent GO terms. The TREAT-AD Center at Emory-Sage-SGC has defined nineteen biological domains associated with AD, and objectively mapped genes to those biological domains using GO term annotations. More information about the methodology used to define AD biological domains, and to generate genome-wide biological domain mappings, is available here.

Biological Domains for TNF

Select a biological domain on the left to see the list of GO terms that link TNF to it on the right. The percentage value displayed next to the currently selected biological domain indicates the proportion of TNF's total unique GO terms that map to the biological domain. The ratio displayed on the right indicates how many of the biological domain's total GO terms TNF is annotated with.